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Introduction
成都創(chuàng)新互聯(lián)公司是一家專業(yè)提供珙縣企業(yè)網(wǎng)站建設(shè),專注與成都網(wǎng)站制作、成都網(wǎng)站設(shè)計、H5網(wǎng)站設(shè)計、小程序制作等業(yè)務(wù)。10年已為珙縣眾多企業(yè)、政府機構(gòu)等服務(wù)。創(chuàng)新互聯(lián)專業(yè)網(wǎng)站建設(shè)公司優(yōu)惠進行中。
Linux is an open-source operating system that powers millions of devices around the world. One of the most critical components of Linux is its network interface card (NIC) driver. The NIC driver enables the Linux operating system to communicate with other devices over a network. The kernel is the core component of the Linux operating system responsible for managing hardware resources, including the network. This article will provide a detled explanation of the Linux NIC driver, how it works, and how to become proficient in its usage.
Overview of the NIC Driver
The NIC driver is a software component that enables the Linux operating system to interact with the network interface card. The NIC driver is responsible for sending and receiving data packets over the network. In general, the NIC driver works by translating the data received from the network interface card from a physical layer to a data link layer.
The Linux kernel has support for many types of NICs, including Ethernet, Token Ring, and FDDI. Each NIC type has its own NIC driver, which is specific to the network interface card. The driver communicates with the network interface card through a standardized interface called the network driver interface specification (NDIS).
The NIC driver is loaded into memory when the Linux operating system is booted. It is loaded as a kernel module, which means that it is dynamically linked to the kernel at runtime, rather than being statically compiled into the kernel image.
NIC Driver Architecture
The Linux NIC driver architecture consists of three mn components: the NIC driver itself, the network stack, and the device driver interface (DDI).
The NIC driver is responsible for managing the hardware resources related to the network interface card. The network stack is responsible for handling the tranission and reception of data packets over the network. The device driver interface (DDI) is responsible for providing a standardized interface between the NIC driver and the network stack.
The network stack operates in layers, with each layer responsible for a specific task. The layers are:
– Application layer
– Transport layer
– Network layer
– Data link layer
– Physical layer
The NIC driver communicates with these layers through the device driver interface (DDI), which provides a standardized interface for the NIC driver to interact with the network stack.
NIC Driver Configuration
NIC driver configuration involves loading the driver, setting configuration parameters, and configuring the network interface.
To load the driver, the user needs to identify the appropriate driver for their network interface card and load it into the kernel.
Once the driver is loaded, the user can set configuration parameters specific to the network interface card. This might include things like the network interface card’s hardware address, tranit and receive buffer settings, and support for different network protocols.
The user can also configure the network interface by setting things like the IP address, subnet mask, and network gateway address. This allows the network interface to communicate with other devices over the network.
Becoming Proficient in NIC Driver Usage
To become proficient in NIC driver usage, one must have a fundamental understanding of the Linux operating system’s kernel and network stack. It is also important to have a conceptual understanding of the network interface card and how it interacts with the kernel and network stack.
There are many resources avlable online for learning about the Linux kernel and network stack. Books, online tutorials, and forums are great resources for learning about the intricacies of the Linux operating system.
Additionally, experimenting with different network configurations and settings can provide valuable experience in working with the NIC driver. This might involve setting up virtual machines or experimenting with different network protocols and settings.
Conclusion
The Linux NIC driver is a crucial component of the Linux operating system responsible for managing hardware resources related to the network interface card. Becoming proficient in NIC driver usage requires a fundamental understanding of the Linux kernel and network stack, as well as practical experience in configuring and using different types of network interface cards. With the right resources and practice, anyone can become an expert in working with the Linux NIC driver.
相關(guān)問題拓展閱讀：
- linux下內(nèi)核，驅(qū)動有什么關(guān)聯(lián)嗎？
- Linux驅(qū)動與設(shè)備節(jié)點簡介 & Android內(nèi)核與Linux內(nèi)核的區(qū)別
linux下內(nèi)核，驅(qū)動有什么關(guān)聯(lián)嗎？
1，如果你只是寫驅(qū)動，那么沒必要專門學(xué)內(nèi)核，在你以后的實際工作中（寫驅(qū)動的過程中），你會接觸內(nèi)核的方方哪返面面。那時你可以從點到面，不自覺的就對內(nèi)核有了新的認識。
2，內(nèi)核的學(xué)習(xí)比單獨的驅(qū)動的學(xué)習(xí)復(fù)雜的多，光內(nèi)存管理的各種算法就夠你含返喝一壺的談緩饑。如果你真決心啃這塊骨頭，做好心理準備，不要期望1，2個月就能把它搞定
1 驅(qū)動程序需要加載到內(nèi)核中才能運行 。
2 編譯清御驅(qū)動模塊時，驅(qū)動需要調(diào)用內(nèi)核中有答肢巖關(guān)函數(shù)。
內(nèi)核和驅(qū)動程序都是運饑隱行在內(nèi)核空間。
內(nèi)核包括 內(nèi)存管理模塊，進程調(diào)度模塊，文皮碼陵件系統(tǒng)模塊，還有就是驅(qū)動模塊了。
驅(qū)動是內(nèi)核的組成部分，和燃戚應(yīng)用程序不模廳同，他需要符合特殊的規(guī)范！
內(nèi)核包含了大部分設(shè)備的驅(qū)動程序
內(nèi)核鬧侍升級已經(jīng)夠新了阿，自己注意一下更新管理和硬件驅(qū)動管理。
惠普官網(wǎng)沒去過橘彎塵，比如我的聯(lián)想吧，上官網(wǎng)下個驅(qū)動（linux的）就可以了，也可以百度看看你的聲卡型號的驅(qū)動，如果實在圓禪找不到的話用驅(qū)動精靈搜搜，有沒有合適的。
1，如果你只是寫驅(qū)動，那么沒必要專門學(xué)內(nèi)核，在你以后的實際工作中（寫驅(qū)動的過程中），你會接觸內(nèi)核的方方哪返面面。那時你可以從點到面，不自覺的就對內(nèi)核有了新的認識。
2，內(nèi)核的學(xué)習(xí)比單獨的驅(qū)動的學(xué)習(xí)復(fù)雜的多，光內(nèi)存管理的各種算法就夠你含返喝一壺的談緩饑。如果你真決心啃這塊骨頭，做好心理準備，不要期望1，2個月就能把它搞定
Linux驅(qū)動與設(shè)備節(jié)點簡介 & Android內(nèi)核與Linux內(nèi)核的區(qū)別
驅(qū)動是內(nèi)核的一部分，作為直接訪問物理硬件的一個軟件層，用于應(yīng)用程序與物理硬件設(shè)備通信。內(nèi)核包含多種驅(qū)動，如WIFI、USB、Audio、藍牙、相機、顯示驅(qū)動。
（1）設(shè)備驅(qū)動程序三類：字符設(shè)備驅(qū)動程序、塊設(shè)備驅(qū)動程序、網(wǎng)絡(luò)設(shè)備驅(qū)動程序；
（2）對應(yīng)Linux三類設(shè)備：字符設(shè)備、塊設(shè)備、網(wǎng)絡(luò)設(shè)備；
（3）常見字符設(shè)備：鼠標、鍵盤、串口、控制臺等；
（4）常見塊設(shè)備：各種硬盤、flash磁盤、RAM磁盤等；
（5）網(wǎng)絡(luò)設(shè)備(網(wǎng)絡(luò)接口)：eth0、eth1，注：網(wǎng)絡(luò)設(shè)備沒有設(shè)備節(jié)點，應(yīng)用程序通過Socket訪問網(wǎng)絡(luò)設(shè)備。由于網(wǎng)絡(luò)設(shè)備面向報文，較難實現(xiàn)相關(guān)read、write等文件讀寫函數(shù)，所以驅(qū)動的實現(xiàn)也與字符設(shè)備和塊設(shè)備不同。
Linux使用對文件一樣的管理方式來管理設(shè)備，所有設(shè)備都以文件的形式存放在/dev目錄下，系統(tǒng)中的每個字符設(shè)備或者塊設(shè)備都必須為其創(chuàng)建一個設(shè)備文件，它包含了該設(shè)備的設(shè)備類型（塊設(shè)備或字符設(shè)滾橋備）、設(shè)備號（主設(shè)備號和次設(shè)備號）以及設(shè)備訪問控制屬性等。設(shè)備節(jié)點通過
mknod
命令創(chuàng)建，也可以由Udev用戶工具軟件在系統(tǒng)啟動后根據(jù)/sys目錄下每個設(shè)備的實際信息創(chuàng)建，使用后一種方式可以為每個設(shè)備動態(tài)分配設(shè)備號。
Linux中設(shè)備節(jié)點通過“mknod”命令創(chuàng)建，創(chuàng)建時需要指定主設(shè)備號和次設(shè)備號，即指定對應(yīng)的驅(qū)動程序和對應(yīng)的物理設(shè)備（訪問設(shè)備節(jié)點時就相當(dāng)于通過其設(shè)備號訪問驅(qū)動程序進而間接訪問到物理設(shè)備）。主設(shè)備號用來區(qū)分不同種類的設(shè)備，而次設(shè)備號用來區(qū)分同一類大舉猛型的多個設(shè)備。對于常用設(shè)備，Linux有約定俗成的編號，如硬盤的主設(shè)備號是3
理解：應(yīng)用程序通過訪問設(shè)備節(jié)點讀取主設(shè)備號和次設(shè)備號，通過主設(shè)答枯備號找對應(yīng)的驅(qū)動，通過次設(shè)備號對應(yīng)到具體物理設(shè)備。注：1個驅(qū)動對應(yīng)一類設(shè)備，并用唯一主設(shè)備號標識。
Linux支持的各種設(shè)備的主設(shè)備號定義在include/linux/major.h文件中，已經(jīng)在官方注冊的主設(shè)備號和次設(shè)備號在Documentation/devices.txt文件中。
Android系統(tǒng)更底層是Linux，并且在中間加上了一個Dalvik / ART的Java虛擬機，從表面層看是Android運行庫。每個Android應(yīng)用都運行在自己的進程上，享有Dalvik / ART虛擬機為它分配的專有實例，并支持多個虛擬機在同一設(shè)備上高效運行，虛擬機執(zhí)行的是專有格式的可執(zhí)行文件(.dex) – 該格式經(jīng)過優(yōu)化，以將內(nèi)存好用降到更低。
Android內(nèi)核和Linux內(nèi)核的差別主要體現(xiàn)在如下11個方面：
linux 網(wǎng)卡驅(qū)動 內(nèi)核的介紹就聊到這里吧，感謝你花時間閱讀本站內(nèi)容，更多關(guān)于linux 網(wǎng)卡驅(qū)動 內(nèi)核,Linux 網(wǎng)卡驅(qū)動內(nèi)核詳解：從入門到精通,linux下內(nèi)核，驅(qū)動有什么關(guān)聯(lián)嗎？,Linux驅(qū)動與設(shè)備節(jié)點簡介 & Android內(nèi)核與Linux內(nèi)核的區(qū)別的信息別忘了在本站進行查找喔。
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新聞名稱：Linux 網(wǎng)卡驅(qū)動內(nèi)核詳解：從入門到精通 (linux 網(wǎng)卡驅(qū)動 內(nèi)核)
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