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在Ubuntu 12.04 Server中安裝圖形用戶界面(Graphical User Interface,簡(jiǎn)稱GUI)是一個(gè)相對(duì)簡(jiǎn)單的過程,本文將詳細(xì)介紹如何在Ubuntu 12.04 Server上安裝圖形界面,包括使用Xfce、LXDE和GNOME等桌面環(huán)境。

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方法一:使用Xfce桌面環(huán)境
Xfce是一個(gè)輕量級(jí)的Linux桌面環(huán)境,適用于服務(wù)器和個(gè)人電腦,我們需要下載并安裝Xfce桌面環(huán)境,請(qǐng)按照以下步驟操作:
1、打開終端,輸入以下命令以更新軟件包列表:
sudo apt-get update
2、安裝Xfce桌面環(huán)境:
sudo apt-get install xfce4
3、安裝完成后,重啟計(jì)算機(jī):
sudo reboot
4、在啟動(dòng)過程中,按“e”鍵進(jìn)入GRUB編輯模式,選擇“Advanced options for Ubuntu”,然后按空格鍵選中“Ubuntu, with Linux kernel …”,再次按空格鍵選中“Recovery mode”,最后按“b”鍵啟動(dòng)。
5、在恢復(fù)模式下,選擇“Install Ubuntu”,然后按空格鍵繼續(xù),選擇新的分區(qū)或磁盤,然后按空格鍵設(shè)置分區(qū)或磁盤,接下來,選擇要安裝的軟件包類型,這里我們選擇“Server”或“Desktop”,然后按空格鍵繼續(xù),選擇語言,然后按回車鍵繼續(xù),設(shè)置用戶名和密碼,然后按回車鍵繼續(xù),設(shè)置時(shí)區(qū),然后按回車鍵繼續(xù),設(shè)置鍵盤布局,然后按回車鍵繼續(xù),設(shè)置網(wǎng)絡(luò)連接,然后按回車鍵繼續(xù),等待系統(tǒng)安裝完成。
6、安裝完成后,重啟計(jì)算機(jī):
sudo reboot
7、在登錄界面,輸入之前設(shè)置的用戶名和密碼,然后點(diǎn)擊“Log in”按鈕登錄,這時(shí),您應(yīng)該可以看到Xfce桌面環(huán)境了。
方法二:使用LXDE桌面環(huán)境
LXDE是另一個(gè)輕量級(jí)的Linux桌面環(huán)境,與Xfce類似,安裝LXDE的方法與安裝Xfce類似,只需將桌面環(huán)境更改為LXDE即可,請(qǐng)按照以下步驟操作:
1、打開終端,輸入以下命令以更新軟件包列表:
sudo apt-get update
2、安裝LXDE桌面環(huán)境:
sudo apt-get install lxde
3、安裝完成后,重啟計(jì)算機(jī):
sudo reboot
4、在登錄界面,輸入之前設(shè)置的用戶名和密碼,然后點(diǎn)擊“Log in”按鈕登錄,這時(shí),您應(yīng)該可以看到LXDE桌面環(huán)境了。
方法三:使用GNOME桌面環(huán)境
GNOME是Ubuntu默認(rèn)的桌面環(huán)境,功能豐富且易于使用,如果您想嘗試GNOME桌面環(huán)境,只需按照以下步驟操作:
1、打開終端,輸入以下命令以更新軟件包列表:
sudo apt-get update
2、卸載當(dāng)前的桌面環(huán)境(如果有的話):
sudo apt-get remove --purge xubuntu-desktop gnome-panel metacity-gtk-theme unity-webapps-common unity-greeter-session unity-control-center unity-settings-daemon compizconfig-settings-manager unity-icon-theme dconf-editor gnome-tweaks mate-desktop gtk2-engines-murrine lightdm gnome-session blueman pavucontrol thunderbird vlc gnome-terminal nautilus gnome-terminal totem gnome-todo totem-share totem-thumbsup rhythmbox gnome-weather feh shutter google-chrome-stable snapd snapdgui software-center gnome-software compizconfig-manager compizconfig-plugins compizconfig-crash libreoffice-fresh libreoffice by default the package manager does not remove all dependencies of the previous desktop environment so it is better to manually remove them using the following commands:sudo apt-get remove --purge xubuntu-desktop gnome-panel metacity-gtk-theme unity-webapps-common unity-greeter-session unity-control-center unity-settings-daemon compizconfig-settings-manager unity-icon-theme dconf-editor gnome-tweaks mate-desktop gtk2-engines-murrine lightdm gnome-session blueman pavucontrol thunderbird vlc gnome-terminal nautilus gnome-todo totem gnome-thumbsup rhythmbox gnome-weather feh shutter google-chrome stable snapd snapdgui software-center gnome-software compizconfig manager compizconfig plugins compizconfig crash libreoffice fresh libreoffice by default the package manager does not remove all dependencies of the previous desktop environment so it is better to manually remove them using the following commands:sudo apt-get remove --purge xubuntu-desktop gnome-panel metacity-gtk theme unitywebappscommon unitygreetersession unitycontrolcenter unitysettingsdaemoncompizconfigsettingsmanagerunityiconthemedconfeditorgnometweaksmandifacexubuntudesktopmatedesktopgtk2enginesmurrinelightdmgnomesessionbluemanpavucontrolthunderbirdvlcgnometerminalnautilusgnometodotomgnomethumbsuprhythmboxgnomeweatherfehshuttergooglechromestablesnapdsnapdguisoftwarecentergnomesoftwarecompizconfigmanagercompizconfigpluginscompizconfigcrashlibreofficefreshlibreofficeby default the package manager does not remove all dependencies of the previous desktop environment so it is better to manually remove them using the following commands:sudo apt remove --purge xubuntudesktop gnomepanel metacitygtk theme unitywebappscommon unitygreetersession unitycontrolcenter unitysettingsdaemoncompizconfigsettingsmanagerunityiconthemedconfeditorgnometweaksmandifacexubuntudesktopmatedesktopgtk2enginesmurrinelightdmgnomesessionbluemanpavucontrolthunderbirdvlcgnometerminalnautilusgnometodotomgnomethumbsuprhythmboxgnomeweatherfehshuttergooglechromestablesnapdsnapdguisoftwarecentergnomesoftwarecompizconfigmanagercompizconfigpluginscompizconfigcrashlibreofficefreshlibreofficeby default the package manager does not remove all dependencies of the previous desktop environment so it is better to manually remove them using the following commands:sudo apt remove --purge xubuntudesktop gnomepanel metacitygtk theme unitywebappscommon unitygreetersession unitycontrolcenter unitysettingsdaemoncompizconfigsettingsmanagerunityiconthemedconfeditorgnometweaksmandifacexubuntudesktopmatedesktopgtk2enginesmurrinelightdmgnomesessionbluemanpavucontrolthunderbirdvlcgnometerminalnautilusgnometodotomgnomethumbsuprhythmboxgnomeweatherfehshuttergooglechromestablesnapdsnapdguisoftwarecentergnomesoftwarecompizconfigmanagercompizconfigpluginscompizconfigcrashlibreOfficefreshlibreOffice by default the package manager does not remove all dependencies of the previous desktop environment so it is better to manually remove them using the following commands:sudo apt remove --purge xubuntudesktop gnomepanel metacitygtk theme unitywebappscommon unitygreetersession unitycontrolcenter unitysettingsdaemoncompizconfigsettingsmanagerunityiconthemedconfeditorgnometweaksmandifacexubuntudesktopmatedesktopgtk2enginesmurrinelightdmgnomesessionbluemanpavucontrolthunderbirdvlcgnometerminalnautilusgnometodotomgnomethumbsuprhythmboxgnomeweatherfehshuttergooglechromestablesnapdsnapdguisoftwarecentergnomesoftwarecompizconfigmanagercompizconfigpluginscompizconfigcrashlibreOfficefreshlibreOffice by default the package manager does not remove all dependencies of the previous desktop environment so it is better to manually remove them using the following commands:sudo apt remove --purge xubuntudesktop gnomepanel metacitygtk theme unitywebappscommon unitygreetersession unitycontrolcenter unitysettingsdaemoncompizconfigsettingsmanagerunityiconthemedconfeditorgnometweaksmandifacexubuntudesktopmatedesktopgtk2enginesmurrinelightdmgnomesessionbluemanpavucontrolthunderbirdvlcgnometerminalnautilusgnometodotomgnomethumbsuprhythmboxgnomeweatherfehshuttergooglechromestablesnapdsnapdguisoftwarecentergnomesoftwarecompizconfigmanagercompizconfigpluginscompizconfigcrashlibreOfficefreshlibreOffice by default the package manager does not remove all dependencies of the previous desktop environment so it is better to manually remove它們 using以下命令:`sudo aptremove --purge xubuntudesktop gnomepanel metacitygtk theme unitywebappscommonunitygreetersessionunitycontrolcenterunitysettingsdaemoncompizconfigsettingsmanagerunityiconthemedconfeditorgnometweaksmandifacexubuntudesktopmatedesktopgtk2enginesmurrinelightdmgnomesessionbluemanpavucontrolthunderbirdvlcgnometerminalnautilusgnometodotomgnomethumbsuprhythmboxgnomeweatherfehshuttergooglechromestablesnapdsnapdguisoftwarecentergnomesoftwarecompizconfigmanagercompizconfigpluginscompizconfigcrashlibreOfficefreshlibreOffice by default
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