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這里有您想知道的互聯(lián)網(wǎng)營(yíng)銷解決方案
路由器配置靜態(tài)路由
學(xué)校有新舊兩個(gè)校區(qū)，每個(gè)校區(qū)是一個(gè)獨(dú)立的局域網(wǎng)，為了使新舊校區(qū)能夠正常相互通訊，共享資源。每個(gè)校區(qū)出口利用一臺(tái)路由器進(jìn)行連接，兩臺(tái)路由器間學(xué)校申請(qǐng)了一條 2M的 DDN 專線進(jìn)行相連，要求做適當(dāng)配置實(shí)現(xiàn)兩個(gè)校區(qū)的正常相互訪問。
創(chuàng)新互聯(lián)長(zhǎng)期為上千客戶提供的網(wǎng)站建設(shè)服務(wù)，團(tuán)隊(duì)從業(yè)經(jīng)驗(yàn)10年，關(guān)注不同地域、不同群體，并針對(duì)不同對(duì)象提供差異化的產(chǎn)品和服務(wù)；打造開放共贏平臺(tái)，與合作伙伴共同營(yíng)造健康的互聯(lián)網(wǎng)生態(tài)環(huán)境。為廣豐企業(yè)提供專業(yè)的網(wǎng)站制作、做網(wǎng)站，廣豐網(wǎng)站改版等技術(shù)服務(wù)。擁有十余年豐富建站經(jīng)驗(yàn)和眾多成功案例,為您定制開發(fā)。
技術(shù)原理
路由器屬于網(wǎng)絡(luò)層設(shè)備，能夠根據(jù) IP 包頭的信息，選擇一條最佳路徑，將數(shù)據(jù)包轉(zhuǎn)發(fā)出去。實(shí)現(xiàn)不同網(wǎng)段的主機(jī)之間的互相訪問。路由器是根據(jù)路由表進(jìn)行選路和轉(zhuǎn)發(fā)的。而路由表里就是由一條條路由信息組成。 生成路由表主要有兩種方法：手工配置和動(dòng)態(tài)配置，即靜態(tài)路由協(xié)議配置和動(dòng)態(tài)路由協(xié)議配置。 靜態(tài)路由是指有網(wǎng)絡(luò)管理員手工配置的路由信息。 靜態(tài)路由除了具有簡(jiǎn)單、高效、可靠的優(yōu)點(diǎn)外，它的另一個(gè)好處是網(wǎng)絡(luò)安全保密性高。 缺省路由可以看做是靜態(tài)路由的一種特殊情況。當(dāng)數(shù)據(jù)在查找路由表時(shí)，沒有找到和目標(biāo)相匹配的路由表項(xiàng)時(shí)，為數(shù)據(jù)指定路由。
實(shí)驗(yàn)步驟
新建 packet tracer 拓?fù)鋱D
（1）在路由器 R1、R2 上配置接口的 IP 地址和 R1 串口上的時(shí)鐘頻率 （2）查看路由器生成的直連路由 （3）在路由器 R1、R2 上配置靜態(tài)路由 （4）驗(yàn)證 R1、R2 上的靜態(tài)路由配置 （5）將 PC1、PC2 主機(jī)默認(rèn)網(wǎng)關(guān)分別設(shè)置為路由器接口 fa 1/0 的 IP 地址 （6）PC1、PC2 主機(jī)之間可以相互通信
實(shí)驗(yàn)設(shè)備
pc 2 臺(tái)；Router-PT 可擴(kuò)展路由 2 臺(tái)（Router_2811 無 V.35 線接口）；Switch_2960 2 臺(tái)； DCE 串口線；直連線；交叉線
PC1
IP: 192.168.1.2
Submask: 255.255.255.0
Gateway: 192.168.1.1
PC2
IP: 192.168.2.2
Submask: 255.255.255.0
Gateway: 192.168.2.1
R1
en
conf t
hostname R1
int fa 1/0
no shut
ip address 192.168.1.1 255.255.255.0
exit
int serial 2/0
no shut
ip address 192.168.3.1 255.255.255.0
clock rate 64000 #必須配置時(shí)鐘速率才可通信，單位為bps，bps比特率是指每秒傳送的比特(bit)數(shù)。單位為 bps(Bit Per Second)，比特率越高，每秒傳送數(shù)據(jù)就越多。
end
R2
en
conf t
hostname R2
int fa 1/0
no shut
ip address 192.168.2.1 255.255.255.0
exit
int serial 2/0
ip address 192.168.3.2 255.255.255.0
no shut
end
R1
en
conf t
ip route 192.168.2.0 255.255.255.0 192.168.3.2
end
show ip route
R2
en
conf t
ip route 192.168.1.0 255.255.255.0 192.168.3.1
end
show ip route
實(shí)戰(zhàn)演練
配置路由器
R1
Continue with configuration dialog? [yes/no]: no
Press RETURN to get started!
Router>en
Router#conf t
Enter configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL/Z.
Router(config)#hostname R1
R1(config)#int fa 1/0
R1(config-if)#no shut
%LINK-5-CHANGED: Interface FastEthernet1/0, changed state to up
%LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface FastEthernet1/0, changed state to up
R1(config-if)#ip address 192.168.1.1 255.255.255.0
R1(config-if)#exit
R1(config)#int serial 2/0
R1(config-if)#no shut
%LINK-5-CHANGED: Interface Serial2/0, changed state to down
R1(config-if)#ip address 192.168.3.1 255.255.255.0
R1(config-if)#clock rate 64000
R1(config-if)#end
R1#
%SYS-5-CONFIG_I: Configured from console by console
R1#
%LINK-5-CHANGED: Interface Serial2/0, changed state to up
%LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface Serial2/0, changed state to up
R2
Continue with configuration dialog? [yes/no]: no
Press RETURN to get started!
Router>en
Router#conf t
Enter configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL/Z.
Router(config)#hostname R2
R2(config)#int fa 1/0
R2(config-if)#no shut
%LINK-5-CHANGED: Interface FastEthernet1/0, changed state to up
%LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface FastEthernet1/0, changed state to up
R2(config-if)#ip address 192.168.2.1 255.255.255.0
R2(config-if)#exit
R2(config)#int serial 2/0
R2(config-if)#ip address 192.168.3.2 255.255.255.0
R2(config-if)#no shut
%LINK-5-CHANGED: Interface Serial2/0, changed state to up
R2(config-if)#end
R2#
%SYS-5-CONFIG_I: Configured from console by console
R2#
%LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface Serial2/0, changed state to up
R2#
添加路由
R1
R1>en
R1#conf t
Enter configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL/Z.
R1(config)#ip route 192.168.2.0 255.255.255.0 192.168.3.2
R1(config)#end
R1#
%SYS-5-CONFIG_I: Configured from console by console
R1#show ip route
Codes: C - connected, S - static, I - IGRP, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP
D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area
N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2
E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2, E - EGP
i - IS-IS, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2, ia - IS-IS inter area
* - candidate default, U - per-user static route, o - ODR
P - periodic downloaded static route
Gateway of last resort is not set
C 192.168.1.0/24 is directly connected, FastEthernet1/0
S 192.168.2.0/24 [1/0] via 192.168.3.2
C 192.168.3.0/24 is directly connected, Serial2/0
R1#
R2
R2>en
R2#conf t
Enter configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL/Z.
R2(config)#ip route 192.168.1.0 255.255.255.0 192.168.3.1
R2(config)#end
R2#
%SYS-5-CONFIG_I: Configured from console by console
R2#show ip route
Codes: C - connected, S - static, I - IGRP, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP
D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area
N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2
E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2, E - EGP
i - IS-IS, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2, ia - IS-IS inter area
* - candidate default, U - per-user static route, o - ODR
P - periodic downloaded static route
Gateway of last resort is not set
S 192.168.1.0/24 [1/0] via 192.168.3.1
C 192.168.2.0/24 is directly connected, FastEthernet1/0
C 192.168.3.0/24 is directly connected, Serial2/0
R2#
測(cè)試
PC1 ping PC2
PC>ipconfig
IP Address......................: 192.168.1.2
Subnet Mask.....................: 255.255.255.0
Default Gateway.................: 192.168.1.1
PC>ping 192.168.2.2
Pinging 192.168.2.2 with 32 bytes of data:
Request timed out.
Reply from 192.168.2.2: bytes=32 time=28ms TTL=126
Reply from 192.168.2.2: bytes=32 time=25ms TTL=126
Reply from 192.168.2.2: bytes=32 time=27ms TTL=126
Ping statistics for 192.168.2.2:
Packets: Sent = 4, Received = 3, Lost = 1 (25% loss),
Approximate round trip times in milli-seconds:
Minimum = 25ms, Maximum = 28ms, Average = 26ms
PC>ping 192.168.2.2
Pinging 192.168.2.2 with 32 bytes of data:
Reply from 192.168.2.2: bytes=32 time=28ms TTL=126
Reply from 192.168.2.2: bytes=32 time=29ms TTL=126
Reply from 192.168.2.2: bytes=32 time=33ms TTL=126
Reply from 192.168.2.2: bytes=32 time=29ms TTL=126
Ping statistics for 192.168.2.2:
Packets: Sent = 4, Received = 4, Lost = 0 (0% loss),
Approximate round trip times in milli-seconds:
Minimum = 28ms, Maximum = 33ms, Average = 29ms
PC2 ping PC1
PC>ipconfig
IP Address......................: 192.168.2.2
Subnet Mask.....................: 255.255.255.0
Default Gateway.................: 192.168.2.1
PC>ping 192.168.1.2
Pinging 192.168.1.2 with 32 bytes of data:
Reply from 192.168.1.2: bytes=32 time=26ms TTL=126
Reply from 192.168.1.2: bytes=32 time=27ms TTL=126
Reply from 192.168.1.2: bytes=32 time=28ms TTL=126
Reply from 192.168.1.2: bytes=32 time=24ms TTL=126
Ping statistics for 192.168.1.2:
Packets: Sent = 4, Received = 4, Lost = 0 (0% loss),
Approximate round trip times in milli-seconds:
Minimum = 24ms, Maximum = 28ms, Average = 26ms
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