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Unity3D研究之使用C＃語言建立本地?cái)?shù)據(jù)庫

原始文章主要是使用JavaScript語言建立本地?cái)?shù)據(jù)庫

采用html5+css3國際標(biāo)準(zhǔn)網(wǎng)站建設(shè)，讓網(wǎng)站自動(dòng)適應(yīng)用戶使用終端設(shè)備，PC、平板、手機(jī)等，一個(gè)網(wǎng)址適應(yīng)，一套內(nèi)容統(tǒng)一戰(zhàn)略，節(jié)約企業(yè)資源。創(chuàng)新互聯(lián)還提供網(wǎng)站后期營銷如：軟文發(fā)稿、賣友情鏈接、廣告投放平臺(tái)等。一般建站公司不為企業(yè)填充資料，更談不上內(nèi)容策劃，結(jié)果導(dǎo)致網(wǎng)站界面優(yōu)秀，內(nèi)容卻十分空泛或整體不協(xié)調(diào)，內(nèi)容策劃、內(nèi)容填充請(qǐng)交給我們。

以前在開發(fā)中一直使用iOS源生的數(shù)據(jù)庫，通過傳遞消息的形式在與Unity3D中進(jìn)行交互。本文我在詳細(xì)說說如何使用C#語言來在MAC 操作系統(tǒng)下創(chuàng)建Unity本地?cái)?shù)據(jù)庫，我是C#控.

首先你需要得到Mono.Data.Sqlite.dll 文件與System.Data.dll文件。如果你在Mac 操作系統(tǒng)下使用Unity那么很悲劇，找不到這兩個(gè)文件，至少我沒能找到。后來我在Windows下的Unity安裝路徑中找到了它。為了方便大家我將這兩個(gè)文件上傳至網(wǎng)盤中，如果沒有這兩個(gè)文件的朋友請(qǐng)下載。Unity數(shù)據(jù)庫文件.zip

.zip文件下載完畢后直接解壓，然后將Mono.Data.Sqlite.dll 文件與System.Data.dll文件放在Unity工程中的Assets文件夾中。如下圖所示，兩個(gè)文件已經(jīng)放置在Project視圖當(dāng)中。

Ok ，我們編寫C#腳本，原始文章沒有Unity數(shù)據(jù)庫更新與刪除的方法，我在這里加上更新與刪除的方法，方便大家開發(fā)時(shí)使用。因?yàn)槠鋵?shí)Unity中更新與刪除數(shù)據(jù)庫也是個(gè)比較重要的功能。

注意：下面腳本不要綁定在任何游戲?qū)ο笊砩?，大家無需把它當(dāng)作腳本可以當(dāng)作一個(gè)工具類來使用。

[代碼]java代碼：

001	using UnityEngine;

002

003	using System;

004	using System.Collections;

005	using Mono.Data.Sqlite;

006

007	public class DbAccess

008

009

{

010

011	private SqliteConnection dbConnection;

012

013	private SqliteCommand dbCommand;

014

015	private SqliteDataReader reader;

016

017	public DbAccess (string connectionString)

018

019

{

020

021	OpenDB (connectionString);

022

023

}

024	public DbAccess ()

025

{

026

027

}

028

029	public void OpenDB (string connectionString)

030

031

{

032

try

033

{

034	dbConnection = new SqliteConnection (connectionString);

035

036	dbConnection.Open ();

037

038	Debug.Log ("Connected to db");

039

}

040	catch(Exception e)

041

{

042	string temp1 = e.ToString();

043	Debug.Log(temp1);

044

}

045

046

}

047

048	public void CloseSqlConnection ()

049

050

{

051

052	if (dbCommand != null) {

053

054	dbCommand.Dispose ();

055

056

}

057

058	dbCommand = null;

059

060	if (reader != null) {

061

062	reader.Dispose ();

063

064

}

065

066	reader = null;

067

068	if (dbConnection != null) {

069

070	dbConnection.Close ();

071

072

}

073

074	dbConnection = null;

075

076	Debug.Log ("Disconnected from db.");

077

078

}

079

080	public SqliteDataReader ExecuteQuery (string sqlQuery)

081

082

{

083

084	dbCommand = dbConnection.CreateCommand ();

085

086	dbCommand.CommandText = sqlQuery;

087

088	reader = dbCommand.ExecuteReader ();

089

090	return reader;

091

092

}

093

094	public SqliteDataReader ReadFullTable (string tableName)

095

096

{

097

098	string query = "SELECT * FROM " + tableName;

099

100	return ExecuteQuery (query);

101

102

}

103

104	public SqliteDataReader InsertInto (string tableName, string[] values)

105

106

{

107

108	string query = "INSERT INTO " + tableName + " VALUES (" + values[0];

109

110	for (int i = 1; i < values.Length; ++i) {

111

112	query += ", " + values[i];

113

114

}

115

116	query += ")";

117

118	return ExecuteQuery (query);

119

120

}

121

122	public SqliteDataReader UpdateInto (string tableName, string []cols,string []colsvalues,string selectkey,string selectvalue)

123

{

124

125	string query = "UPDATE "+tableName+" SET "+cols[0]+" = "+colsvalues[0];

126

127	for (int i = 1; i < colsvalues.Length; ++i) {

128

129	query += ", " +cols[i]+" ="+ colsvalues[i];

130

}

131

132	query += " WHERE "+selectkey+" = "+selectvalue+" ";

133

134	return ExecuteQuery (query);

135

}

136

137	public SqliteDataReader Delete(string tableName,string []cols,string []colsvalues)

138

{

139	string query = "DELETE FROM "+tableName + " WHERE " +cols[0] +" = " + colsvalues[0];

140

141	for (int i = 1; i < colsvalues.Length; ++i) {

142

143	query += " or " +cols[i]+" = "+ colsvalues[i];

144

}

145	Debug.Log(query);

146	return ExecuteQuery (query);

147

}

148

149	public SqliteDataReader InsertIntoSpecific (string tableName, string[] cols, string[] values)

150

151

{

152

153	if (cols.Length != values.Length) {

154

155	throw new SqliteException ("columns.Length != values.Length");

156

157

}

158

159	string query = "INSERT INTO " + tableName + "(" + cols[0];

160

161	for (int i = 1; i < cols.Length; ++i) {

162

163	query += ", " + cols[i];

164

165

}

166

167	query += ") VALUES (" + values[0];

168

169	for (int i = 1; i < values.Length; ++i) {

170

171	query += ", " + values[i];

172

173

}

174

175	query += ")";

176

177	return ExecuteQuery (query);

178

179

}

180

181	public SqliteDataReader DeleteContents (string tableName)

182

183

{

184

185	string query = "DELETE FROM " + tableName;

186

187	return ExecuteQuery (query);

188

189

}

190

191	public SqliteDataReader CreateTable (string name, string[] col, string[] colType)

192

193

{

194

195	if (col.Length != colType.Length) {

196

197	throw new SqliteException ("columns.Length != colType.Length");

198

199

}

200

201	string query = "CREATE TABLE " + name + " (" + col[0] + " " + colType[0];

202

203	for (int i = 1; i < col.Length; ++i) {

204

205	query += ", " + col[i] + " " + colType[i];

206

207

}

208

209	query += ")";

210

211	return ExecuteQuery (query);

212

213

}

214

215	public SqliteDataReader SelectWhere (string tableName, string[] items, string[] col, string[] operation, string[] values)

216

217

{

218

219	if (col.Length != operation.Length \|\| operation.Length != values.Length) {

220

221	throw new SqliteException ("col.Length != operation.Length != values.Length");

222

223

}

224

225	string query = "SELECT " + items[0];

226

227	for (int i = 1; i < items.Length; ++i) {

228

229	query += ", " + items[i];

230

231

}

232

233	query += " FROM " + tableName + " WHERE " + col[0] + operation[0] + "'" + values[0] + "' ";

234

235	for (int i = 1; i < col.Length; ++i) {

236

237	query += " AND " + col[i] + operation[i] + "'" + values[0] + "' ";

238

239

}

240

241	return ExecuteQuery (query);

242

243

}

244

245

}

首先是創(chuàng)建本地?cái)?shù)據(jù)庫，我們創(chuàng)建C#腳本Test.cs直接綁定在攝像機(jī)中。

[代碼]java代碼：

01	using UnityEngine;

02	using System.Collections;

04	public class Test : MonoBehaviour

{

07	void Start ()

{

10	//創(chuàng)建數(shù)據(jù)庫名稱為xuanyusong.db

11	DbAccess db = new DbAccess("data source=xuanyusong.db");

13	//創(chuàng)建數(shù)據(jù)庫表，與字段

14	db.CreateTable("momo",new string[]{"name","qq","email","blog"}, new string[]{"text","text","text","text"});

15	//關(guān)閉對(duì)象

16	db.CloseSqlConnection();

}

運(yùn)行游戲后，數(shù)據(jù)庫對(duì)象會(huì)自動(dòng)生成在項(xiàng)目的根目錄中。查看數(shù)據(jù)庫的軟件我使用的是Navicat Premium，如果沒有請(qǐng)大家下載，然后繼續(xù)。如下圖所示，數(shù)據(jù)庫文件xuanyusong.db已經(jīng)生成在項(xiàng)目的根目錄中，接著我使用Navicat Premium軟件將這個(gè)數(shù)據(jù)庫打開。數(shù)據(jù)庫的表名為momo 打開表后字段包含name、 qq 、email、 blog。都是我們?cè)诖a中創(chuàng)建的。

OK，我們繼續(xù)。首先是插入數(shù)據(jù)，記得將編碼修改成UTF-16 不然中文會(huì)亂碼。

[代碼]java代碼：

01	using UnityEngine;

02	using System.Collections;

04	public class Test : MonoBehaviour

{

07	void Start ()

{

10	//創(chuàng)建數(shù)據(jù)庫名稱為xuanyusong.db

11	DbAccess db = new DbAccess("data source=xuanyusong.db");

12	//請(qǐng)注意插入字符串是已經(jīng)要加上'宣雨松' 不然會(huì)報(bào)錯(cuò)

13	db.InsertInto("momo", new string[]{ "'宣雨松'","'289187120'","'[email protected]'","'www.xuanyusong.com'" });

14	db.CloseSqlConnection();

}

接著是更新數(shù)據(jù)。UpdateInto是我新寫的方法，接受更新多條數(shù)據(jù)。

[代碼]java代碼：

01	using UnityEngine;

02	using System.Collections;

04	public class Test : MonoBehaviour

{

07	void Start ()

{

10	//創(chuàng)建數(shù)據(jù)庫名稱為xuanyusong.db

11	DbAccess db = new DbAccess("data source=xuanyusong.db");

13	db.UpdateInto("momo",new string[]{"name","qq"},new string[]{"'xuanyusong'","'11111111'"}, "email", "'[email protected]'" );

15	db.CloseSqlConnection();

}

然后是刪除數(shù)據(jù)DELETE也是我封裝的方法。

[代碼]java代碼：

01	using UnityEngine;

02	using System.Collections;

04	public class Test : MonoBehaviour

{

07	void Start ()

{

10	//創(chuàng)建數(shù)據(jù)庫名稱為xuanyusong.db

11	DbAccess db = new DbAccess("data source=xuanyusong.db");

12	//請(qǐng)注意插入字符串是已經(jīng)要加上'宣雨松' 不然會(huì)報(bào)錯(cuò)

13	db.CreateTable("momo",new string[]{"name","qq","email","blog"}, new string[]{"text","text","text","text"});

14	//我在數(shù)據(jù)庫中連續(xù)插入三條數(shù)據(jù)

15	db.InsertInto("momo", new string[]{ "'宣雨松'","'289187120'","'[email protected]'","'www.xuanyusong.com'" });

16	db.InsertInto("momo", new string[]{ "'雨松MOMO'","'289187120'","'[email protected]'","'www.xuanyusong.com'" });

17	db.InsertInto("momo", new string[]{ "'哇咔咔'","'289187120'","'[email protected]'","'www.xuanyusong.com'" });

19	//然后在刪掉兩條數(shù)據(jù)

20	db.Delete("momo",new string[]{"email","email"}, new string[]{"'[email protected]'","'[email protected]'"} );

22	db.CloseSqlConnection();

}

***是查找數(shù)據(jù)。

[代碼]java代碼：

01	using UnityEngine;

02	using System.Collections;

04	using Mono.Data.Sqlite;

05	public class Test : MonoBehaviour

{

08	void Start ()

{

11	//創(chuàng)建數(shù)據(jù)庫名稱為xuanyusong.db

12	DbAccess db = new DbAccess("data source=xuanyusong.db");

13	//請(qǐng)注意插入字符串是已經(jīng)要加上'宣雨松' 不然會(huì)報(bào)錯(cuò)

14	db.CreateTable("momo",new string[]{"name","qq","email","blog"}, new string[]{"text","text","text","text"});

15	//我在數(shù)據(jù)庫中連續(xù)插入三條數(shù)據(jù)

16	db.InsertInto("momo", new string[]{ "'宣雨松'","'289187120'","'[email protected]'","'www.xuanyusong.com'" });

17	db.InsertInto("momo", new string[]{ "'雨松MOMO'","'289187120'","'[email protected]'","'www.xuanyusong.com'" });

18	db.InsertInto("momo", new string[]{ "'哇咔咔'","'289187120'","'[email protected]'","'www.xuanyusong.com'" });

20	//然后在刪掉兩條數(shù)據(jù)

21	db.Delete("momo",new string[]{"email","email"}, new string[]{"'[email protected]'","'[email protected]'"} );

//注解1

24	SqliteDataReader sqReader = db.SelectWhere("momo",new string[]{"name","email"},new string[]{"qq"},new string[]{"="},new string[]{"289187120"});

26	while (sqReader.Read())

{

28	Debug.Log(sqReader.GetString(sqReader.GetOrdinal("name")) + sqReader.GetString(sqReader.GetOrdinal("email")));

}

31	db.CloseSqlConnection();

}

注解1：這里的結(jié)構(gòu)非常像安卓的數(shù)據(jù)庫指針，然后while循環(huán)把每一條數(shù)據(jù)都取出來。 sqReader.Gerordinal()方法就是拿到對(duì)應(yīng)列名稱的數(shù)據(jù)。如下圖所示，經(jīng)過一些列的添加與刪除的操作***數(shù)據(jù)庫的內(nèi)容如下。

如下圖所示，我使用Log也將數(shù)據(jù)庫name 與 email的字段打印了出來。***我在強(qiáng)調(diào)一點(diǎn)，我們?cè)贠nStart方法中db.CreateTable創(chuàng)建數(shù)據(jù)庫表，如果重復(fù)創(chuàng)建系統(tǒng)會(huì)拋出錯(cuò)誤。避免這個(gè)情況請(qǐng)保證你的數(shù)據(jù)庫表只會(huì)被創(chuàng)建一次。祝大家學(xué)習(xí)愉快嘎嘎嘎～～～

如下圖所示，請(qǐng)先在PlaySettings中修改Api Compatibility Level 改成.NET 2.0，如果不修改會(huì)報(bào)錯(cuò)

注意：Error building Player: Extracting referenced dlls failed.

無論你編譯任何平臺(tái)都請(qǐng)修改一下這里，留言中有朋友在編譯PC平臺(tái)中因?yàn)闆]有修改這里導(dǎo)致無法編譯成功。

IOS平臺(tái)SQLite的使用：

然后需要修改Test.cs的腳本，在修改一下數(shù)據(jù)庫保存的路徑，我們將數(shù)據(jù)庫放在沙盒當(dāng)中。這樣IOS中才可以讀取數(shù)據(jù)庫。

[代碼]java代碼：

01	using UnityEngine;

02	using System.Collections;

04	using Mono.Data.Sqlite;

05	public class Test : MonoBehaviour

{

08	void Start ()

{

10	//數(shù)據(jù)庫文件儲(chǔ)存地址

11	string appDBPath = Application.persistentDataPath + "/xuanyusong.db";

13	DbAccess db = new DbAccess(@"Data Source=" + appDBPath);

15	//請(qǐng)注意插入字符串是已經(jīng)要加上'宣雨松' 不然會(huì)報(bào)錯(cuò)

16	db.CreateTable("momo",new string[]{"name","qq","email","blog"}, new string[]{"text","text","text","text"});

17	//我在數(shù)據(jù)庫中連續(xù)插入三條數(shù)據(jù)

18	db.InsertInto("momo", new string[]{ "'宣雨松'","'289187120'","'[email protected]'","'www.xuanyusong.com'" });

19	db.InsertInto("momo", new string[]{ "'雨松MOMO'","'289187120'","'[email protected]'","'www.xuanyusong.com'" });

20	db.InsertInto("momo", new string[]{ "'哇咔咔'","'289187120'","'[email protected]'","'www.xuanyusong.com'" });

22	//然后在刪掉兩條數(shù)據(jù)

23	db.Delete("momo",new string[]{"email","email"}, new string[]{"'[email protected]'","'[email protected]'"} );

//注解1

26	using (SqliteDataReader sqReader = db.SelectWhere("momo",new string[]{"name","email"},new string[]{"qq"},new string[]{"="},new string[]{"289187120"}))

{

29	while (sqReader.Read())

{

31	//目前中文無法顯示

32	Debug.Log(sqReader.GetString(sqReader.GetOrdinal("name")));

34	Debug.Log(sqReader.GetString(sqReader.GetOrdinal("email")));

}

38	sqReader.Close();

}

41	db.CloseSqlConnection();

}

下面開始打包成IOS版本，直接運(yùn)行如下圖所示，已經(jīng)在XCODE的控制臺(tái)中將字符串信息打印出來。目前我不知道如何讀取中文，但是可以確定的是中文信息已經(jīng)寫入數(shù)據(jù)庫中。不信大家可以打開沙盒看看。

Android平臺(tái)SQLite的使用： Android與IOS在使用SQLite數(shù)據(jù)庫時(shí)有點(diǎn)區(qū)別，Android需要將第三方DLL放在Plugins當(dāng)中。腳本也需要修改一下，先看看Test.cs的改動(dòng)。

[代碼]java代碼：

01	using UnityEngine;

02	using System.Collections;

04	using Mono.Data.Sqlite;

05	public class Test : MonoBehaviour

{

08	void Start ()

{

10	//數(shù)據(jù)庫文件儲(chǔ)存地址

12	string appDBPath = Application.persistentDataPath + "/xuanyusong.db";

14	//注意?。。。。。。∵@行代碼的改動(dòng)

15	DbAccess db = new DbAccess("URI=file:" + appDBPath);

17	//請(qǐng)注意插入字符串是已經(jīng)要加上'宣雨松' 不然會(huì)報(bào)錯(cuò)

18	db.CreateTable("momo",new string[]{"name","qq","email","blog"}, new string[]{"text","text","text","text"});

19	//我在數(shù)據(jù)庫中連續(xù)插入三條數(shù)據(jù)

20	db.InsertInto("momo", new string[]{ "'宣雨松'","'289187120'","'[email protected]'","'www.xuanyusong.com'" });

21	db.InsertInto("momo", new string[]{ "'雨松MOMO'","'289187120'","'[email protected]'","'www.xuanyusong.com'" });

22	db.InsertInto("momo", new string[]{ "'哇咔咔'","'289187120'","'[email protected]'","'www.xuanyusong.com'" });

24	//然后在刪掉兩條數(shù)據(jù)

25	db.Delete("momo",new string[]{"email","email"}, new string[]{"'[email protected]'","'[email protected]'"} );

//注解1

28	using (SqliteDataReader sqReader = db.SelectWhere("momo",new string[]{"name","email"},new string[]{"qq"},new string[]{"="},new string[]{"289187120"}))

{

31	while (sqReader.Read())

{

33	Debug.Log("xuanyusong" + sqReader.GetString(sqReader.GetOrdinal("name")));

35	Debug.Log("xuanyusong" + sqReader.GetString(sqReader.GetOrdinal("email")));

}

39	sqReader.Close();

}

42	db.CloseSqlConnection();

}

45	void Update()

{

47	if (Input.GetKeyDown(KeyCode.Escape) \|\|Input.GetKeyDown(KeyCode.Home) )

{

50	Application.Quit();

}

如下圖所示，Player Settings 請(qǐng)和我保持一致。

值得慶幸的是在Android下讀取數(shù)據(jù)庫時(shí)正常的顯示了中文。如下圖所示，運(yùn)行打包后的程序后在Eclipse的后臺(tái)已經(jīng)能看到數(shù)據(jù)庫顯示的中文與英文，呵呵。由于工程中需要一些DLL，所以我將工程的下載地址放出，請(qǐng)大家下載。AndroidSQL.unitypackage.zip MAC平臺(tái)下的使用：請(qǐng)先下載原始版本 SQLite (1).unitypackage.zip 我們只需在原始版本之上進(jìn)行修改即可。修改Test.cs文件，請(qǐng)注意我在代碼中標(biāo)注的內(nèi)容。

[代碼]java代碼：

01	using UnityEngine;

02	using System.Collections;

04	using Mono.Data.Sqlite;

05	public class Test : MonoBehaviour

{

08	string name = null;

09	string email = null;

10	string appDBPath = null;

11	void Start ()

{

14	//////////--------

15	//請(qǐng)注意?。。。。。?！

//這里的修改

18	appDBPath = Application.dataPath + "/xuanyusong.db";

20	DbAccess db = new DbAccess(@"Data Source=" + appDBPath);

22	//////////--------

24	//請(qǐng)注意插入字符串是已經(jīng)要加上'宣雨松' 不然會(huì)報(bào)錯(cuò)

25	db.CreateTable("momo",new string[]{"name","qq","email","blog"}, new string[]{"text","text","text","text"});

26	//我在數(shù)據(jù)庫中連續(xù)插入三條數(shù)據(jù)

27	db.InsertInto("momo", new string[]{ "'宣雨松'","'289187120'","'[email protected]'","'www.xuanyusong.com'" });

28	db.InsertInto("momo", new string[]{ "'雨松MOMO'","'289187120'","'[email protected]'","'www.xuanyusong.com'" });

29	db.InsertInto("momo", new string[]{ "'哇咔咔'","'289187120'","'[email protected]'","'www.xuanyusong.com'" });

31	//然后在刪掉兩條數(shù)據(jù)

32	db.Delete("momo",new string[]{"email","email"}, new string[]{"'[email protected]'","'[email protected]'"} );

34	SqliteDataReader sqReader = db.SelectWhere("momo",new string[]{"name","email"},new string[]{"qq"},new string[]{"="},new string[]{"289187120"});

36	while (sqReader.Read())

{

39	Debug.Log(sqReader.GetString(sqReader.GetOrdinal("name")) + sqReader.GetString(sqReader.GetOrdinal("email")));

//取值

42	name = sqReader.GetString(sqReader.GetOrdinal("name"));

43	email = sqReader.GetString(sqReader.GetOrdinal("email"));

}

46	db.CloseSqlConnection();

}

49	void OnGUI()

{

52	///為了讓大家看的更清楚我將數(shù)據(jù)庫取出的內(nèi)容顯示在屏幕中

53	if(name != null)

{

55	GUILayout.Label("XXXXXXXXXXXXX" + name);

}

59	if (email!= null)

{

61	GUILayout.Label("XXXXXXXXXXXXX" + email);

}

當(dāng)前標(biāo)題：Unity3D研究之使用C＃語言建立本地?cái)?shù)據(jù)庫
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